Immunity has reacted to the body’s capability to fight off harmful substances like bacteria and viruses. It helps keep us healthy and prevents us from getting sick. Our immune system comprises special cells and proteins that recognize and destroy these harmful invaders. It’s like having our bodyguard that defends us against illness. So, having a solid immune system is vital for staying healthy and fighting off infections.
Immunity achieve because a person has antibodies to that disease. Antibodies are proteins the body produces to neutralize or destroy toxins or disease-carrying organisms. Antibodies are condition specific. For example, an antibody against measles protects someone exposed to measles but has no effect if they get the mumps.
Active immunity occurs when exposure to a diseased organism stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies against that disease. Andmore active immunity can be acquires from finished natural immunity or vaccine-induced immunity. Innate immunity develops from contact with the disease organism through actual infection.
Vaccine-induced immunity achieves by introducing a killed or weakened form of the disease organism through the vaccine. Active immunity is long-lasting, sometimes lifelong. However, if an immune person comes into contact with the disease in the future, their immune system will recognize it and immediately produce the antibodies needed to fight it.
Passive immunity provides when a person has antibodies to a disease rather than those produced by their immune system.
Pregnant woman wearing a protective mask in the blooming park
A newborn receives passive immunity from its mother through the placenta.
People can receive passive immunity through blood products containing antibodies, such as immunoglobulin, when immediate protection against a specific disease is needed.
The main advantage of passive immunity is that protection is immediate, whereas active immunity takes time (usually several weeks) to develop. However, passive immunity only continues for a few weeks or months. Only active immunity lasts a long time.
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